![]() It also can occur if the head is often positioned side to side for long periods. Frank breech positioning ("bottom down," but with the knees extended and feet up by the head).Breech positioning (the baby is "feet down" in the womb in the last trimester rather than the expected "head down" position).Brachycephaly can cause the head shape to widen, and the ears may cup or roll forward due to the pressure on the skull bones.ĭolichocephaly is the flattening of the head from side to side. ![]() This is often caused because the child spends too much time lying on their back or in equipment such as car seats or swings. The back of the head is flattened instead of curved. This can cause the ear, forehead, and jaw on the same side to shift forward from their typical position.īrachycephaly is the second most common type of flat head syndrome. Without intervention, the flattening may worsen. Often parents will be the first to notice the flat spot. Plagiocephaly can result from a tight muscle (as with torticollis), the baby's visual preference, or because gravity leads them to turn and rest on the flat side, especially if a flat spot was present at birth. The baby may prefer to keep their head turned consistently to one side. Generally, the back of the baby's head is flat on one side. Plagiocephaly is the most common type of infant flat head syndrome. After birth, a baby's positioning during sleep or wake time may lead to too much time spent with pressure on one area of a baby's soft skull. Before birth, the baby's position in the womb (often due to shared space with multiple babies) can put pressure on the skull. ![]() These shape types are caused by external forces on the baby's head before or after birth. Plagiocephaly, brachycephaly, and dolichocephaly are different types of infant flat head syndrome. To locate a physical therapist near you, visit Find a PT. You can contact a physical therapist directly for an evaluation. They improve quality of life through hands-on care, patient education, and prescribed movement. Physical therapists are movement experts who use the latest evidence to design treatment plans for each person's needs and goals. Early physical therapy also helps to reduce the risk for related developmental problems. The sooner a family sees a physical therapist, the better the chances of improving or preventing further head shape deformities. A referral to another specialist also may be recommended. Physical therapists help determine the cause of the head flattening and the best treatment. After birth, a baby's positioning during wake time and sleep also can cause changes in head shape. The condition occurs more commonly in pregnancy with multiple babies (twins, triplets) or a mother's first pregnancy. Before birth, skull flattening can occur if the baby is stuck in a tight position in the womb. The main cause of flat head syndrome is the baby's positioning within their environment.
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